Eligible Content M3.D.2.2.2
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Identify the missing symbol ( +, -, =, <, > ) that makes a number sentence true.
Did You Know?
You can use symbols ( +, -, =, <, > ) and
numbers to write a number
sentence that describes a problem.
Look at the example below.
Look at the matching colors to identify the parts of a number sentence.
Number sentences or equations contain numbers, operation
symbols and
an equal
sign or a greater than or less than symbol followed by an answer.
4 x 2 = 8
The operation symbols are + - x ÷ ( the / symbol is often used on computers)
Check What You Know First
Determine the missing operation symbol in the number sentence.
Write + - x ÷
| 13 |
| 2 |
| 45 |
| 5 |
| 5 + 5 |
| 8 + 4 |
| 10 - 4 |
Key Vocabulary

A plus sign ( + ) is a mathematical symbol which means to add numbers.
A minus sign ( - ) is a mathematical symbol which means to subtract numbers.
A greater than ( > ) is
a mathematical symbol used to compare two numbers, with the larger number given
first.
Example: 6 > 4
A lesser than ( < ) is
a mathematical symbol used to compare two numbers, with the lesser number given
first.
Example: 3 < 6
An equal sign ( = ) is
a mathematical symbol which means is equal to.
Example: 3 < 6
A number sentence is
a sentence that includes numbers, operation symbols, and a greater than or
less than symbol or an equal sign.
Examples: 3 + 2 = 5, 5 – 2 = 3, 4
+ 1 < 6, 8 – 2 > 5
An expression is
the part of a number sentence that combines numbers and operation signs, but
doesn't have an equal sign or an
inequality sign. Examples: 3 + 2, 5 - 2
An equation is a number sentence which states that two amounts are equal. Examples: 3 + 2 = 5, 5 – 2 = 3
An inequality is
a mathematical sentence that compares two unequal expressions with symbols < (less
than) or > (greater than).
Examples: 4 + 1 < 6, 8 – 2 > 5
An inverse operation is
an opposite operation, or operations that undo each other, such as addition
and subtraction or multiplication
and division. Examples: 3 + 2 = 5, 5 – 2 = 3, 4
x 3 = 12, 12 ÷ 3 = 4
A variable is a symbol or letter that stands for an unknown number. Example: a + 2 = 5, 6 + 2 = n
A fact family is
a set of related multiplication and division, or addition or subtraction, equations
using the same numbers.
Examples: 2 x 4 = 8, 4 X 2 = 8, 8 ÷ 4
= 2, 8 ÷ 2 = 4, 1 +
5 = 6, 5 + 1 = 6, 6 – 5
= 1, 6 – 1 = 5
Learn About It Now
To solve a number sentence with a missing operation symbol, try each of the
number
operations in the equation.
In this problem, since you are going from a larger number to
a smaller number in the answer,
the numbers are decreasing so it would be logical
to subtract. Try
the - sign. 13 minus 7
does
= 6. The
minus symbol (
- ) is the correct answer.
13
7 = 6
In this problem, since you are going from a smaller number
to a larger number in the answer,
the numbers are increasing so it would be
logical to add. Try the ( + ) sign. 2
plus 7 does = 9.
The plus symbol ( + )
is the correct answer.
2
7 = 9
In this problem, you are going from a larger number to a smaller
number in the answer.
The numbers are decreasing, but subtraction does not
work in this problem. Try dividing.
Try the ( ÷ )
sign. 45 divided by 9 does =
5. The division symbol ( ÷ )
is the correct answer.
(
the / symbol is often used on computers to show division)
45
9 = 5
In this problem, since you are going from a smaller number
to a larger number in the answer,
the numbers are increasing at a greater amount
so it would be logical to multiply. Try
the ( x )
sign. 5 times 6 does = 30.
The multiplication symbol ( x ) is the correct answer.
5
6 = 30
Remember, you can use your knowledge of basic math facts to find the missing
symbols
in simple math problems. That is why it is a good idea to memorize
your basic math facts.
Part of memorizing the basic math facts, is being familiar with the fact families
of numbers.
You can look at fact families to figure out the operation symbols
in a problem. In the
following problem, the fact family would be:
4 x 5 = 20 5 x 4 = 20 20 ÷ 4 = 5 20 ÷ 5 = 4
If you know the fact family, you will know that the multiplication operation symbol (x) is the answer.
4
5 = 20
In this problem, you must first solve the addition problem. You need to add 5 + 5 to get 10. Then you need to compare the answer 10 to the other number 10. When comparing two numbers, you need to decide what symbol to use: the equal sign (=), the greater than symbol (>) or the less than symbol (<). In this problem you would use the ( = ) symbol because 10 is equal to 10. (5 + 5 = 10)
5 + 5
10
In this problem, you must first solve the addition problem. You need to add 8 + 4 to get 12. Then you need to compare the answer 12 to the other number 10. When comparing two numbers, you need to decide what symbol to use: the equal sign (=), the greater than symbol (>) or the less than symbol (<). In this problem you would use the ( >) symbol because 12 is greater than 10. (8 + 4 > 12)
8 + 4
10
In this problem, you must first solve the subtraction problem. You need to subtract 10 - 4 to get 6. Then you need to compare the answer 6 to the other number 7. When comparing two numbers, you need to decide what symbol to use: the equal sign (=), the greater than symbol (>) or the less than symbol (<). In this problem you would use the ( <) symbol because 6 is less than 7. (10 - 4 < 7).
10 - 4
7
More Practice With Identifying Missing Symbols
Write the missing operation symbol that makes the number sentence true.
| 11 |
| 16 |
| 18 |
| 6 |
| 25 |
| 20 - 5 |
| 16 - 4 |
| 18 + 7 |
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Websites to Check Out For Extra Practice
Click below to practice finding a missing
number and operation that makes a number
sentence true in the Function Machine.
Directions for the Function Machine Game:
For the variable x, type a number and click on enter.
Under the question, (Can you guess the function?), select an operation.
Then
type a number in the box that follows.
To see if you are correct, click on check formula.
To begin a new problem, click on the button – Set new function.
You can also see your score by clicking on the button – Keep score.
http://www.shodor.org/interactivate/activities/fm/index.html
The following are additional websites for practicing addition
and subtraction facts
and finding the missing number/answer.
Addition
equations with 1 digit numbers fill in missing numbers
http://www.aaamath.com/B/g18c_sx1.htm
Adding
Numbers 1 - Finding the sum of numbers 1 - 10
http://www.321know.com/addk7cx1.htm
Adding
Numbers 2 – Finding the sum of numbers 1 -10
http://www.321know.com/addk7dx1.htm
Subtracting
Numbers 1 - Finding the difference of numbers 1-10
http://www.321know.com/subk7hx2.htm
Subtracting
Numbers 2 – Finding the difference for numbers 1- 10
http://www.321know.com/subk7ix2.htm
Addition
Facts for All to 10 + 10 - Finding the sum of addition facts to 20
http://www.321know.com/add26ax1.htm
Subtraction
Facts all For 0 through 10 - Finding the difference for numbers 1 - 20
http://www.321know.com/sub26bx2.htm