Eligible Content M3.E.1.2.1 
 

Help Me To:

Graph data or complete a graph given the data (bar graph or pictograph – grid is provided.)

Did You Know?

Bar graphs and pictographs are types of graphs that graphically show and compare data.  By making these graphs you can more easily
illustrate how to interpret or answer questions about the data.  Making a bar graph or pictograph is a step-by-step process.

Check What You Know First About Bar Graphs and Pictographs

Review these websites first on bar graphs and pictographs to check what you know first.

Click on this website to learn more about bar graphs. After reviewing the information, click on the Bar Graphs Quiz.
http://www.mcwdn.org/Graphs/BarGraph.html

Click on this website to study bar graphs further. After reviewing the information, click on practice and additional practice at the
bottom of the lesson to test your skills on bar graphs.
http://cstl.syr.edu/fipse/TabBar/RevBar/REVBAR.HTM

Click on this website. Then select the following titles for short games/activities which include bar graphs and pictographs.
http://www.beaconlearningcenter.com/WebLessons/

ALL THE PARTS Subject(s): Mathematics (Grade 3 - Grade 5) Description: Students learn the parts of a graph.

How It All Stacks Up Subject(s): Mathematics (Grade 3 - Grade 5) Description: Students interpret and compare information
using a bar graph.

I Am Special Subject(s): Mathematics (Kindergarten - Grade 2) Description: Picture graphs are used in real world situations as
students organize information, record data, and use mathematical language to read and interpret the graphs.

Key Vocabulary

A bar graph is a graph that uses bars to show data.

A vertical bar graph is bar graph in which the bars go up from bottom to top.

A horizontal bar graph is a bar graph in which the bars go across from left to right.

A line graph is a graph that uses a line to show how something changes over time.

A pictograph is a graph that uses pictures to show and compare information.

A range is the difference between the greatest number and the least number in a set of data.

A scale is a series of numbers placed at fixed distances on a graph to help label the graph and assist you in reading the number each bar shows.

An interval is the distance between two numbers on the scale of a graph.

A key is the part of a graph that explains the symbols or pictures used. It indicates how many each symbol or picture in the pictograph stands for.

Data is information that is collected on something such as people or things.

To classify is to group pieces of data according to how they are the same, for example, you can classify data by size, color or shape.

A tally chart is a table that uses tally marks to record data.

A frequency table is a table that uses numbers to record data.

Learn About Making a Bar Graph Now

A bar graph is a graph that uses bars to show data. Showing the data graphically should help a person interpret the data
more easily.  You can illustrate data in a vertical bar graph or a horizontal bar graph. A vertical bar graph is bar graph in which
the bars go up from bottom to top. A horizontal bar graph is a bar graph in which the bars go across from left to right.

Below is an example of a vertical bar graph and a horizontal bar graph.  To make a bar graph, first decide whether your graph
will be horizontal or vertical. They look different, but illustrate the same information.  

Looking at either bar graph, you can see the title (Coins In A Jar) at the top. Second, you should select a title for your bar graph
and write it at the top of the graph.

The sides of the graph are also labeled. Third, you should select and write what labels you will use on either side of the bar graph.
You will need a label for the data side and a label for the scale side. One side is labeled Number of Coins. The other side of the
bar graph has a label entitled Coin with a list of coins used. The four types of coins that were collected include quarters, dimes, nickels
and pennies.  These types of coins are labeled on the bar graph.

One side has the scale of numbers used. Fourth, you need to decide on a scale for your bar graph.  A scale is a series of numbers
placed at fixed distances on a graph to help label the graph and assist you in reading the number each bar shows.  A scale always starts with 0. 
In this graph, the scale goes from 0 to 12.  The top value of the scale when making a bar graph should be greater than the greatest value of the data. 
The scale side is labeled Number of Coins.

Fifth, you need to determine an interval between the numbers on a scale.  An interval is the distance between two numbers on the scale of a
graph or the difference between two numbers on the scale.   The interval is 2.  You are counting by 2’s on the bar graph.  (0,  2,  4,  6,  8,  10,  12)

Sixth, you need to read the data and make the bars on the bar graph. You can quickly tell which coins there are the most of and the least of
by looking at the bars. The coins with the largest number collected are the pennies.  You can tell this by looking the chart.  The bar for
pennies is the highest/longest.

The coins with the smallest number collected are the dimes.  When you look at the chart, the bar for dimes is the lowest/shortest.

To find out specifically how many coins there are for each group, you can look at the scale side with the numbers.  You follow the edge of the bar
to the number on the scale side.  There are 4 dimes and 12 pennies.  There are also 6 quarters and 8 nickels.

Learn About Making a Pictograph Now

Look at an example of a pictogram:

Data can also be graphically shown on a pictograph. A pictograph is a graph that uses symbols or pictures to show and compare information. 

First, select a title for the pictograph such as Zoo Animals.

Second, label each column such as Kind of Animals and Number of Animals.

Third, each row should be labeled with a name such as lion, giraffe, elephant and bear.

Fourth, a key should also be created.  A key is the part of a graph that explains the symbols or pictures used. It indicates how many each
symbol or picture in the pictograph stands for.  In this key, each star is equal to 5 animals.

More Practice on Bar Graphs and Pictographs

Click on each of the following icons for web pages to print out blank graphs to make bar graphs or pictographs. Test what you have already
learned, but don’t peek at the previous problems you have done. 

Try making both a vertical and horizontal bar graph using the data below. When done, scroll to the top of the lesson to check how well
you did.  Review the steps below to make the bar graphs.

Your Data:
You have some coins in a jar.  You have 6 quarters, 4 dimes, 8 nickels and 12 pennies.  Use this data to make a bar graph.

Steps to Make Bar Graphs
1.  Decide whether your graph will be horizontal or vertical.
2.  Select a title for your bar graph and write it at the top of your graph.
3.  Write what labels you will use on either side of the bar graph.  You need a data label and a scale label.
4.  Decide on a scale for your bar graph.
5.  Determine an interval between the numbers on a scale.
6.   Read the data and make the bars on the bar graph.

Now make a pictograph using the following data. When done, scroll to the top of the lesson to check how well you did.
Review the steps below to make a pictograph.

Your Data:
You are making a pictograph to show zoo animals.  The kind of animals includes monkey, lion, giraffe, elephant and bear.
The number of animals includes the following:  There are 30 monkeys, 20 lions, 15 giraffes, 10 elephants, and 25 bears. 
Select a symbol for your key.  Have each symbol represent 5 animals.

Steps to Make a Pictograph
1.  Select a title for the pictograph.
2.  Label each column.
3.  Each row should be labeled with a name of the item such as cat.
4.  A key should also be created. 

Websites to Check Out For Extra Practice

Click on this website. Then select the following titles for short games/activities, which include bar graphs and pictographs
http://www.beaconlearningcenter.com/WebLessons/

Kids Have Pets Subject(s): Mathematics (Grade 3 - Grade 5)
Description: Students learn about the parts of a bar graph and how to collect information

Kinds Of Graphs Subject(s): Mathematics (Grade 3 - Grade 5)
Description: Students learn about various types of graphs

Play Ball Subject(s): Mathematics (Grade 3 - Grade 5)
Description: Students collect data to put on a picture graph

Push Ups Subject(s): Mathematics (Grade 3 - Grade 5)
Description: Students collect data to put on a line graph

Click on this website. Select Bar Graph and Bar Graph Sorter
Make sure that you click on "What, Why and How" in order to understand the purpose of the activity and how the activity works.
http://www.shodor.org/interactivate/elementary/#pro

Click on this website
http://www.harcourtschool.com/menus/math2002/na/gr3.html
Then select Making Bar Graphs to make bar graphs. You will need to print off a worksheet to do the bar graph activity.

Click on this website to create different graphs. Select Bar to make a make a bar graph.
http://nces.ed.gov/nceskids/createagraph/