Eligible Content M3.E.1.2.2

Help Me To:

Translate information from one type of display to another (e.g. convert tally chart to bar graph).  Limit to tally charts,
bar graphs, tables and pictographs.

Did You Know?

A tally table uses tally marks to record data.  A frequency table uses numbers to record data.  A bar graph uses
bars to show data.  A pictograph uses pictures to show information.

Check What You Know First About Making Tally Charts/Table, Bar Graphs and Pictographs

Click on each of the following icons for web pages to print out blank graphs to make bar graphs or pictographs
for the following problems.

Tally Table and Frequency Table

A tally table uses tally marks to record data.  A frequency table uses numbers to record data.

Try making both a tally table and a frequency table using the data below. When done, scroll to the bottom of the lesson to check
how well you did.  Review the steps below to make a tally table and a frequency table.

Your Data:     Mary asked her classmates about their favorite dinosaurs. The students picked the following dinosaurs as their favorites:
Anatosaurus – 6,  Brachiosaurus – 7,  Tyrannosaurus Rex – 12,  Stegosaurus – 3. Use the data to make both a tally table and a frequency
table.

Steps to Make Tally Tables and Frequency Tables
1.  Select a title.
2.  Label the columns such as Name and Tally for a Tally Table and Name and Number for a Frequency Table.
3.  Write what labels you will use on either side of the bar graph.  You need a data label and a scale label.
4.  Write the names of the items such as Anatosaurus under the column name.
5.  Read the data and make the tallies in the Tally Table or write the numbers in the Frequency Table.

Bar Graphs

A bar graph uses bars to show data.

Try making both a vertical and horizontal bar graph using the data below. When done, scroll to the bottom of the lesson to check how well
you did.  Review the steps below to make the bar graphs.

Your Data:     Bill did research on how long animals live.  He looked at 4 different animals.  He found that the mouse can live 6 years, the
octopus 3 years, the red fox 14 years, and the chipmunk 8 years.  Use the data to make both a horizontal and a vertical bar graph.

Steps to Make Bar Graphs
1.  Decide whether your graph will be horizontal or vertical.
2.  Select a title for your bar graph and write it at the top of your graph.
3.  Write what labels you will use on either side of the bar graph.  You need a data label and a scale label.
4.  Decide on a scale for your bar graph.
5.  Determine an interval between the numbers on a scale.
6.   Read the data and make the bars on the bar graph.

Pictographs

A pictograph uses pictures to show information.

Try making a pictograph using the data below. When done, scroll to the bottom of the lesson to check how well you did.  Review the steps
below to make the pictograph.

Your Data:    The fourth grade class sold boxes of greeting cards.  To raise money, Rafael sold 14 boxes, Joselyn sold 7, Phil sold 24,
Ken sold 12 and Felicia sold 10.   Use the data to make a pictograph.

Steps to Make a Pictograph
1.  Select a title for the pictograph.
2.  Label each column.
3.  Each row should be labeled with a name of the item such as cat.
4.  A key should also be created. 

Key Vocabulary

A bar graph is a graph that uses bars to show data.

A vertical bar graph is bar graph in which the bars go up from bottom to top.

A horizontal bar graph is a bar graph in which the bars go across from left to right.

A line graph is a graph that uses a line to show how something changes over time.

A pictograph is a graph that uses pictures to show and compare information.

A range is the difference between the greatest number and the least number in a set of data.

A scale is a series of numbers placed at fixed distances on a graph to help label the graph and assist you in reading the number each bar shows.

An interval is the distance between two numbers on the scale of a graph.

A key is the part of a graph that explains the symbols or pictures used. It indicates how many each symbol or picture in the pictograph stands for.

Data is information that is collected on something such as people or things.

To classify is to group pieces of data according to how they are the same, for example, you can classify data by size, color or shape.

A tally chart is a table that uses tally marks to record data.

A frequency table is a table that uses numbers to record data.

Learn About Making Each Individual Table and Graph
(Answer Key for Work Done Above)

Look below to see how you did on making each table and graph in the exercises above.  Check to see that you followed the steps to
making each table and graph. After you know the steps for each, you can translate information from one type of display to another
(e.g. convert tally chart to a pictograph or a bar graph.)

Tally Table and Frequency Table

Steps to Make Tally Tables and Frequency Tables
1.  Select a title.
2.  Label the columns such as Name and Tally for a Tally Table and Name and Number for a Frequency Table.
3.  Write what labels you will use on either side of the bar graph.  You need a data label and a scale label.
4.  Write the names of the items such as Anatosaurus under the column name.
5.  Read the data and make the tallies in the Tally Table or write the numbers in the Frequency Table.

Horizontal and Vertical Bar Graph

Steps to Make Bar Graphs
1.  Decide whether your graph will be horizontal or vertical.
2.  Select a title for your bar graph and write it at the top of your graph.
3.  Write what labels you will use on either side of the bar graph.  You need a data label and a scale label.
4.  Decide on a scale for your bar graph.
5.  Determine an interval between the numbers on a scale.
6.   Read the data and make the bars on the bar graph.

Pictograph

Steps to Make a Pictograph
1.  Select a title for the pictograph.
2.  Label each column.
3.  Each row should be labeled with a name of the item such as cat.
4.  A key should also be created. 

Practice on Converting One Type of Graph to Another

Tally/Frequency Table to Pictograph

Click on each of the following icons for web pages to print out blank graphs to make bar graphs or pictographs
for the following problems.

Try making both a tally table and a frequency table using the data below. When done, scroll to the bottom of the lesson to check
how well you did.  Review the steps to make a tally table and a frequency table if you have problems.

Your Data:    Students in the fourth grade were asked what their favorite ice cream flavors were.  Here are the results:  cookie dough – 15, 
chocolate –30,  strawberry – 10, and vanilla – 15.  Make a tally and frequency table to show the results.

Now take the data displayed in your tally and frequency chart, and make a pictograph. Make sure to include a key using a symbol like an
ice cream cone.  Have each cone equal 5 students.   When done, scroll to the bottom of the lesson to check how well you did.  Review the
steps to make the pictograph if you have problems.

Tally/Frequency Table to Bar Graph

Try making both a tally table and a frequency table using the data below. When done, scroll to the bottom of the lesson to check how
well you did.  Review the steps to make a tally table and a frequency table if you have problems.

Your Data:    Students in two fourth grade classes were asked what their favorite snacks were.  Here are the results:  popcorn – 5, 
crackers – 2,  trail mix – 4, and cheese – 7, vegetables – 5, and fruit – 9. Make a tally and frequency table to show the results.

Now take the data displayed in your tally and frequency chart, and make a horizontal bar graph.  When done, scroll to the bottom of
the lesson to check how well you did.  Review the steps to make the bar graph if you have problems.

Learn About Converting One Type of Graph to Another
(Answer Key for Work Done Above)

Tally/Frequency Table to Pictograph

Tally/Frequency Table to Bar Graph

Websites to Review Tally Charts, Tables, Bar Graphs and Pictograph

http://www.mcwdn.org/Graphs/BarGraph.html

http://cstl.syr.edu/fipse/TabBar/RevBar/REVBAR.HTM

Click on this website.
http://www.shodor.org/interactivate/elementary/#pro
Select Bar Graph and Bar Graph Sorter. Make sure that you click on "What, Why and How" in order to understand the purpose of
the activity and how the activity works.

Click on this website:
http://www.harcourtschool.com/menus/math2002/na/gr3.html
Then select Making Bar Graphs to make bar graphs. You will need to print off a worksheet to do the bar graph activity.

Click on this website to create different graphs. Select Bar to make a make a bar graph.
http://nces.ed.gov/nceskids/createagraph/

Click on this website.
http://www.beaconlearningcenter.com/WebLessons/
Then select the following titles for short games/activities, which include bar graphs and pictographs.

All The Parts Subject(s): Mathematics (Grade 3 - Grade 5)
Description: Students learn the parts of a graph.

How It All Stacks Up Subject(s): Mathematics (Grade 3 - Grade 5)
Description: Students interpret and compare information using a bar graph.

I Am Special Subject(s): Mathematics (Kindergarten - Grade 2)
Description: Picture graphs are used in real world situations as students organize information, record data, and use
mathematical language to read and interpret the graphs.

Kids Have Pets Subject(s): Mathematics (Grade 3 - Grade 5)
Description: Students learn about the parts of a bar graph and how to collect information.

Kinds Of Graphs Subject(s): Mathematics (Grade 3 - Grade 5)
Description: Students learn about various types of graphs

Play Ball Subject(s): Mathematics (Grade 3 - Grade 5)
Description: Students collect data to put on a picture graph.

Push Ups Subject(s): Mathematics (Grade 3 - Grade 5)
Description: Students collect data to put on a line graph.